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Absorptionu22, data was collected regarding one hundred twenty-one children (seventy-four boys and forty-seven girls) who were previously exposed to various amounts of lead from area around a lead smelter. Researchers collected six values from the lead exposed children; blood lead levels in micrograms, age, sex, verbal IQ score, performance IQ, and the full IQ score. Various statistical analysis methods were calculated from these variables. In order to later compare results, descriptive statistics (such as the mean, median, standard deviation, and variance) for the entire sample was computed for comparison against the various levels of the sample (lead exposure level and sex of the child). The comparisons of the (sub-categories’) descriptive statistics for the sub-categories against the entire sampleu27s descriptive statistics would indicate if the sub-categoriesu27 values were significantly different from the entire sampleu27s values. The next statistical analysis method utilized was correlation which is the relationship strength between two variables. While calculating the correlation between the various variables, startling information revealed itself. Despite what one would expect, generally there was a negligible relationship between the various levels of IQ scores and the amount of lead exposure experienced. We may conclude from the study that the exposure to lead does not significantly affect childrenu27s verbal IQ or their performance IQ. In spite of the findings, we should provide a healthy environment for all, especially children. Reference Landrigan, P.J., R.H. Whitworth, R.W. Baloh, N. W. Staehling, W.F. Barthel, and B.F. Rosenblum. u22Neuropsychological Dysfunction in Children with Chronic Low-Level Lead Absorption.u22 Lancet 1.7909. Print.http://opus.ipfw.edu/stu_symp2015/1006/thumbnail.jp

The purpose of this research is to explore magnetron metal deposition (MDD) and its effectiveness in coating glass with conductive material. A particular interest in this research is the rate at which the conductive material is deposited on the glass slide and surface structure of the deposited material. To better understand the principles of MDD a glass slide is place in a very low pressure environment (approximately 10−4 Pascals) with a large potential difference applied between two electrodes. One of the electrodes consists of a conductive material foil (lead and nickel) which is then deposited onto the glass slide by way of sputtering. Sputtering is a physical vapor deposition method where an inert gas is let into the low pressure environment and a high potential difference is applied. The gas ionizes and results in the acceleration of ions into the conductive foil. The ejected material will then deposit onto the slide. The magnetron creates a magnetic field that concentrates the ionized gas in front of the target which results in more collisions between the ions and foil. It should also result in a more uniform layer of deposited material. The results are expected to be a mixture of different factors such as the material being sputtered, the time the system operates, the temperature of the system, the potential difference used and the amount of gas allowed in the chamber. The significance of this work is that the resultant deposited thin film can be used for further research into optical properties of thin films and superconductors and knowing the rate of deposition will mean that further experimentation can be fine-tuned for future research.http://opus.ipfw.edu/stu_symp2015/1005/thumbnail.jp

The Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus) is a small rattlesnake that is in decline throughout much of its range. Due to these declines, it is listed as state endangered in Indiana and is a candidate for federal listing. However, systematic surveys have not been conducted in Indiana in nearly twenty years, making an assessment of the status of the species in the state difficult. I will present the methodology used to identify and examine the spatial extent of the Massasauga populations potentially remaining in Indiana. I used historical observation records and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to identify potential survey sites and the extent of suitable habitat surrounding these locations. Once populations are delineated they will be prioritized to determine the order they will be surveyed in. This work will assist not only in determining survey locations, but will also clarify the current status of historical populations.http://opus.ipfw.edu/stu_symp2015/1047/thumbnail.jp

The Waynesville formation is part of the stratigraphic succession of Indiana bedrock which allows us to look back on environmental conditions during the late Ordovician period, 450 million years ago. Due in part to a fossil record which is overwhelminlgly dominated by a single species, the Waynesville formation functions as an outdoor labratory illustrating various preservation processes operating on directly comparable shells. Shell blackening during preservation has been a particular point of interest. Based on the correlation of shell blackening with occurrences of shell fragmentation and abrasion in large brachiopods, the shell blackening seen in Upper Ordovician (Cincinnatian) brachiopods has previously been identified as a sign of long residence on the sea floor, and has been attributed to the accumulation of iron sulfides and organics in microborings. This in turn suggests extremely low oxygen microenvironments within shells. The results of our studies are broadly consistent with prior hypotheses.http://opus.ipfw.edu/stu_symp2015/1055/thumbnail.jp

Three dimensional models of the dorsal plates of the thyreophoran dinosaur Stegosaurus and the osteoderms of an extant alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) were constructed utilizing 3D vision technology to study the potential vascular structures for the dermal ossifications of both species. 3D (stereoscopic) vision devices, which present two different images of a 3D object capture from the same projection plane, allow users to perceive depth from a rendered scene that is natural and intuitive to comprehend when compared with a 3D object rendered on a traditional 2D screen. A system was developed that displays surface models of the each structureu27s exterior and the possible soft tissue areas of the interior. Cross section images were created from volumetric CT scan images, which had potential soft tissue areas highlighted using SPIERS software. The segmented volumetric data sets were transformed into triangular meshes using the Marching Cubes Algorithm. Phong shading was applied to the triangular meshes providing a surface model view from the CT scan images. The system superimposes two computer-generated surface models and a cross section image on two different viewpoints to render a stereoscopic view of the Stegosaurus dorsal plate and the American Alligator scute. The system provides several interactive data analysis tools which enable users to navigate the dermal plates of Stegosaurus in virtual spaces from various directions, locate the slicing plane for cross section images, and magnify areas of interest. The system allows users to analyze internal structures of fossils while referencing associated exterior surface models and cross-sectional images in stereoscopic vision. The models of the Stegosaurus dorsal plate and alligator scute allow users to visualize soft tissue/vascular areas that could have facilitated blood flow between the osteoderm and the animals’ interior, possibly allowing for thermal regulation.http://opus.ipfw.edu/stu_symp2015/1017/thumbnail.jp

Disorder can be identified as disorganization of sequence, rate, and/or temporal perspective, which are the basic components of psychological time. It follows then that restoring temporal order should be the overarching treatment goal (Sears, 2007). For clients frozen in the past, anxious of the future, or focused on internal stimuli, engagement in the creative arts provides opportunities to get grounded in the present while simultaneously experiencing temporal regulation and movement towards health. The teaching team of this Master Class will discuss how this concept of time applies to their work with clients impacted by trauma, eating disorders, substance abuse, and other mental health issues, and how these disorders reflect disruptions of time. Participants will engage in a variety of exercises designed to demonstrate how the creative process can influence temporal perception, and the ways in which art and music therapy are effective in regulating temporal order

In the second half of the 20th century, quality systems used in manufacturing and service industries changed from measuring inputs to measuring outputs. ABET made this transition in 1997, changing from a focus on inputs (courses taught by professors) to measuring outputs (skills and knowledge gained and retained by students). Students, professors, program coordinators, and department chairs must answer three questions: [1] what are we doing well, [2] what are we not doing well, and [3] how do we improve? In some cases, we can use graphical data presentation techniques to answer these questions. Scatter graphs show relationships between variables that are not evident in tables, and they show changes in variables with respect to time. A student may ask “why is my grade lower than I would like?” We can use graphs to show the studentu27s progress in real time as the semester advances, then predict the final course grade based on alternate hypotheses (e.g., “I will earn 90% on all remaining assignments”; “I will barely pass the remaining assignments”). As a professor, I asked why the failure rate in Strength of Materials is so high, then used a variety of graphs to determine the indicators for success and failure. As a consequence, my department made a curriculum change in Fall 2014; we should see results starting in Fall 2015. This paper shows how I used graphical data presentation techniques in undergraduate Mechanical Engineering Technology classes to improve student success, teaching effectiveness, and curriculum. A nearly identical paper will be presented at the ASEE national conference in Seattle this summer

This 120- minute presentation sheds light on one of the dominant research paradigms in Western scholarly traditions: the critical paradigm. While the critical paradigm entails an array of approaches, I focus on explicating critical rhetoric, critical ethnography, semiotics, and critical discourse analysis via using examples from my own published works and ongoing research about gender within China’s consumerist discourse. Specifically, I draw from my study of women’s bodies and the consumption of cosmetic surgery, my reading of the images of the modern Chinese bride in bridal media, and my analysis of the reconstructions of post-socialist femininities and masculinities in the popular dating shows. This talk not only gives a glimpse of the nuanced application of the various critical approaches, but also points to the importance of interrogating the vernacular, popular discourses in our everyday life, which create and reinforce intertwined social and gender inequalities

We derive universal lower bounds for the potential energy of spherical codes and codes in Hamming spaces, that are optimal in the framework of Delsarteu27s linear programming approach adapted for energy bounds by Yudin. Our bounds are universal in the sense of both Levenshtein and Cohn-Kumar; i.e., they are valid for any choice of dimension and code cardinality and they apply to any absolutely monotone potential

This experiential workshop is designed to assist experienced music therapy clinicians in advancing their clinical practice skills by participating in and processing music psychotherapy methods and interventions. Presenters will provide case illustrations, facilitate experiential exercises, and demonstrate how to maximize the power of music, effectively process the therapeutic experience,and develop an evidence-based practice. Approved for 5 CMTE

NUTRIENT AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN LEVELS OF AN OPEN AQUIFER SYSTEM MATTHEWS, Tessa, Geosciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne, 2101 E. Coliseum Blvd., Fort Wayne, IN 46805, BUDD, Sarah K., Geosciences, Indiana University - Purdue University Fort Wayne (IPFW), 2101 E. Coliseum Blvd, Fort Wayne, IN 46805-1499 and ISIORHO, Solomon A., Department of Geosciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne (IPFW), 2101 East Coliseum Boulevard, Fort Wayne, IN 46805-1499, mattta01@students.ipfw.edu In order to monitor nutrients and average water level, pH, temperature, and conductivity for an aquifer on the IPFW campus, a well field was created. A creek adjacent to the well field is also monitored. Additionally, dissolved oxygen levels have been added to see if there is a correlation between the dissolved oxygen and nutrient levels. The USEPA maximum suggested acceptable levels are 10.0, 1.0, 250.0, and 5.0 mg/L for nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, and phosphate respectively. The data presented was collected over a 2 year period. The results show that, on average, all parameters tested were within the USEPA acceptable drinking water limits (averages are shown in parentheses). Nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, and phosphate levels range between 0.0-15.5 (2.5), 0.0-0.01 (.004), 0.0-252.0 (74.2), 0.0-7.9 (2.1) mg/L respectively. The pH was between 4.8-10.2 (6.5) and the conductivity values range between 111- 1118 (667.7) ppm. The overall results show that the waters from this aquifer are suitable for drinking. With the dissolved oxygen portion of the project, there appears to be no consistent correlation pattern, but data was only collected over a three month period. This is an ongoing study and newer results will be presented

I am Brittney Fullmer, a senior history major at IPFW. I have always enjoyed learning and studying about the past, but the first time I can remember really falling in love with it was in high school in my U.S. history class. The excellent professors and history program at IPFW have fueled that passion even more. Next semester I will be doing an internship at the Allen County Public Library, working with 19th century archives. After I graduate in December 2015, I am thinking about pursuing library or museum work

Never Forget examines the ways in which the past the invades and shapes the present. Unquestionably, there are many memories of what happened September 11th, 2001. Beginning with interviews with people who experienced 9/11 as a volunteer at Ground Zero and building to those who experienced the attacks on television throughout the world, this film explores the ways that u27weu27 Never Forget. We live in a world where history seems like an u27accurateu27 depiction of the past. Public Memory challenges that assumption. Through an examination of the role of 9/11 ten years after the attacks, we explore how the relationships between individual memory, memorials, education, history, media, and politics shape our understandings of the past in the present

Hagiography is a traditional construction of the religious biography of holy people. While generally studied in relationship to formally and informally canonized saints, hagiographies have been constructed and identified in literature, among social activists, and in a host of secular locations. Using data from a media framing analysis, we argue that coverage of the American military’s drone use in the Afghanistan and Iraq wars not only constitutes the drones as agentic, giving them pseudo personhood, but also tells a story of the drones as saints—constituting a hagiography of drones. As both a biography and the construction of the subject as holy, hagiography is comprised of the following general characteristics: few specific biographical details in deference to documenting extraordinary characteristics, the stressing of ethical principles and the subject’s innocence, strengthen the goodness and truth of the subject, and, finally, construct the subject and their characteristics in such a way that they may be imitated by readers. In the expansive analysis section we use media framing data that demonstrates drones are predominately characterized as agentic—that is, drones are drawn to possess human characteristics. They can make decisions and they need no human motivation or influence to do their job. Establishing the human-ness of the drones is central to the hagiographic narrative. Once human, the drones are glorified to reflect their goodness, justness, and power in theatre wars. Because drones fundamentally change the impact of ground wars on troops from the United States, they are imagined as a savior from increased casualties. Drones are not just saviors of U.S. troops, however. Drones are imagined as a more precise way to ensure that the “right” targets are killed versus the flawed nature of human warfare. Further, John Arquilla, executive director of the Information Operations Center at the Naval Postgraduate school, underscores the ethicality, justness, and strength of drones—the essential components of a hagiography: “I stand my artificial intelligence against your human any day of the week and tell you that my A.I. will pay more attention to the rules of engagement and create fewer ethical lapses than a human force.” In this form, the drones become exemplars of humane warfare, models that individuals may emulate or strive to imitate. We ultimately argue that the construction of drones as holy, saintly, or even simple exemplars of warfare is critically troubling because it gives lie to the possibility of ethical conflict. Framing drones as superior to humans in both philosophy and execution of war excuses both direct and indirect responsibility and culpability in the military industrial complex, war culture, and the othering of enemies. Further distancing the American public from the material reality of conflict, death, and disaster precipitated by warfare cements American militarism

During the last 30 years, minimal research has been successful for entrapping elements beyond the more common Sc, Y, La and 4f-block lanthanide metals. Our goal is to expand the selection of metals that can be encapsulated. Preliminary results indicate that new metallofullerenes can be produced successfully with our electric-arc, plasma reactor. Key experimental parameters were metal selection, buffer gas, gap voltage, amount of current, chamber pressure, burn time, flow rate of added gases, and choice of chemically reactive atmosphere. By manipulating these variables, we have produced new clusters in addition to conventional clusters in uncommon cages. Upon their successful synthesis, efforts are currently underway to separate and isolate these new molecules utilizing non-chromatographic methods

Description of Event: This event was put on by the assistant professor of art education, Stephanie Danker (our professor!). Most of the people that were in attendance of the lecture were art students, professors and community members of Miami University. This was a lecture style, where she had a PowerPoint that she used in order to share information with the audience. She spoke mostly about the contemporary movements in crafts, such as handwork. She touched greatly on feminism and the different “waves” that it has. The firs thing that she spoke about in her lecture, was the “4 important aspects of crafts”, which included act or activity of making, skilled knowledge, craftpersonshift (which is a general and neutral term for craftmanshift) and apprenticeship. During the length of the presentation, she did a good job of incorporating different artists and bringing in real examples and movements they have participated in. Response/Analysis of Event: During the lecture, I experienced a lecture with a topic that the lecturer felt very strongly about. This fact made it very enjoyable to sit through, the fact that the topic was so important to her. Overall, I think the main point of the lecture was to introduce the topic of art and how it applies to women (especially throughout generations). The main thing that I got out of the lecture, was the fact that even though times are changing and technology is certainly improving, crafts need to stay in our culture as a way of meditation, relaxation, socializing and a way to keep family values and traditions. Finally, she concluded with the reasons on why we should reclaim crafts: sustainability, entrepreneurship, activism, leisure and relaxation, creating community and saving money. Connections to Art:This lecture clearly revolved around art. I think this topic could definitely be passed on to future students to stress the importance of keeping art current and in use. It is important to reiterate the fact to students that crafts are away for people to spread cultures, traditions, use as a form meditation and relaxation. Even though I did not attend the workshop section of this speaker, I think that the techniques learned (text and textiles to practice sashiko and kanth) could be taught to the students. It could be used in the classroom to introduce the idea of sustainability. Reflections:Overall, I thoroughly enjoined the lecture. It was a great way to learn about modern craft and the way it pertains to today’s culture and education. The thing I most enjoyed learning about was all of the different movements and event that’s have been put on in order to explain these topics. I also enjoyed the idea that people have been making their own products and clothing in order to demonstrate rebelling against mass producing and the simple idea of just decorating with their own crafts. I really enjoyed the quote towards the end by Rochelle Smith that stated “Making things by hand serves as a compliment, or antidote, to being in cyberspace”

With the composer present, I summarized the compositional style of Canadian composer Jeff Enns, presented a complete list of his choral compositions and discography to date, and walked the attendees though several select compositions, with the composer accompanying at the piano

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the importance of redesigning, reusing, remanufacturing, recovering, recycling and reducing (6R) to sustainable manufacturing and discuss the general procedure to reconfigure robots. Two critical challenges in adopting industrial robots in small and medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) are flexibility and cost, as the number of tasks of the same type can be limited because of the size of an SME. The challenges can be alleviated by 6R. The 6R processes allow a robot to adopt new tasks, increase its utilization rate and reduce unit costs of products. Design/methodology/approach - There is no shortcut to implement sustainable manufacturing. All of the manufacturing resources in a system should be planned optimally to reduce waste and maximize the utilization rates of resources. In this paper, modularization and reconfiguration are emphasized to implement 6R processes in sustainable manufacturing; robots are especially taken into consideration as core functional modules in the system. Modular architecture makes it feasible to integrate robots with low-cost customized modules for various tasks for the high utilization rates. A case study is provided to show the feasibility. Findings - Finding the ways to reuse manufacturing resources could bring significant competitiveness to an SME, in the sense that sophisticated machines and tools, such as robots, can be highly utilized even in a manufacturing environment with low or medium product volumes. The concepts of modularization and 6R processes can be synergized to achieve this goal. Research limitations/implications - The authors propose the strategy to enhance the utilization rates of core manufacturing resources using modular architecture and 6R practice. The axiomatic design theory can be applied as the theoretical fundamental to guide the 6R processes; however, a universal solution in the implementation is not available. The solutions have to be tailored to specific SMEs, and the solutions should vary with respect to time. Practical implications - To operate a sustainable manufacturing system, a continuous design effort is required to reconfigure existing resources and enhance their capabilities to fulfill new tasks in the dynamic environment. Social implications - The authors focus on the importance of sustainable manufacturing to modern society, and they achieve this goal by reusing robots as system components in different applications. Originality/value - Sustainable manufacturing has attracted a great deal of attention, although the operable guidance for system implementation is scarce. The presented work has thrown some light in this research area. The 6R concept has been introduced in a modular system to maximize the utilizations of critical manufacturing resources. It is particularly advantageous for SMEs to adopt sophisticated robots cost-effectively

Exotic invasive plants can alter ecosystem structure and function, yet there is a paucity of evidence regarding broadly applicable mechanisms. We hypothesized that denser growth patterns characteristic of exotic invasive plants lead to a common effect of reduction and homogenization of environmental temperatures and that these alterations compromise thermal quality of habitat for ectotherms. We quantified thermal regimes within native and exotic plant-dominated habitats, including monocultures of 11 exotic species as well as stratified mixed-exotic habitats in a temperate forest landscape in the eastern US. Exotic plant-dominated habitats exhibited reduced and less variable temperature compared to their native counterparts, with stratified mixed-exotic habitats exhibiting the lowest temperatures overall and exotic shrubs (six species) the lowest as a structural group. Thermal effects were extended beyond the growing season of native vegetation owing to extended leaf phenology of exotic woody species. To demonstrate that these effects can alter environmental cues and adversely impact native species, we used a 4-year radiotelemetry study and laboratory thermal preference trials to relate habitat thermal quality to multiscale resource selection by a native snake, Agkistrodon contortrix. To further test the effect of vegetation structure and the efficacy of targeted management, we removed exotic foliar cover from eight 400 m2 plots. Radio-tagged snakes avoided exotic vegetation at multiple spatial scales. In contrast to previous studies of A. contortrix, snakes exhibited preference for sites composed of higher native vegetation density and height. Response to exotic foliage removal was also rapid - including use of sites during gestation and parturition. Together with other recent studies, our results suggest a direct, non-trophic effect that is common to a broad range of exotic invasive plant species in a variety of ecological contexts. We further offer a mitigation technique that may be implemented when large-scale control or eradication is not cost-effective or ecologically sound

40u22 x 50 and 13/16u22.Transparent positive film, paper, Plexiglas, hex bolts and washers, mounted on Gatorfoam.Silver metal frame.http://opus.ipfw.edu/haecceities_facgallery/1084/thumbnail.jp

This paper examines the variations in unemployment across the State of Indiana for 2014. There is a significant literature concerning regional differences in unemployment which shows that differences in regulatory regimes and labor laws together with the differences in the structure of the local economies explain a significant amount of the variation in unemployment. Few studies have been published concerning differences by county within a jurisdiction with a uniform regulatory environment. What studies have been published found that the structure of the local economies were significant in explaining the differences in unemployment within the jurisdiction. For Indiana in 2014 this study finds that the structure of the Indiana economy explains the variations in unemployment. Those counties which are rural or have industries which are not manufacturing have higher unemployment rates than those counties with automobile and aerospace core industrie

Preschool childrenu27s mind-related comments were analyzed during collaborative problem-solving interactions with mothers and fathers, and in relation to parental mind-mindedness (MM) and childrenu27s concurrent theory of mind (ToM). Seventy-two parents (36 fathers, 36 mothers) and their four-year-olds participated. Parentsu27 comments to encourage independent thinking and childrenu27s own mind-related comments were expected to mediate, in serial, the relationship between parental MM and childrenu27s ToM. The proposed model of mediation received empirical confirmation. In addition, mothers and fathers were found to perform similarly on two measures of MM and in their usage of autonomy promoting and control comments. Finally, no differences were found in the frequency of childrenu27s mind-related comments during interactions with fathers and mothers