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This my abstract, and I am also testing HTML.http://opus.ipfw.edu/stu_symp2014/1075/thumbnail.jp

Dr. Millspaw received the award for the use of LED kits to create an experiential learning opportunity for students in his online course, Light and Color. The award recognizes faculty or staff members who demonstrate excellence in the development or teaching of a distance learning activity (course, workshop, or seminar) and to promote creative and effective approaches to distance learning

Small fossils are preserved as phosphatic (carbonate fluorapatite) micro-steinkerns (∼ 0.5 mm diameter) in Upper Ordovician beds of the Cincinnati area. Mollusks are common, along with bryozoan zooecia, echinoderm ossicles, and other taxa. Similar occurrences of Ordovician micromorphic mollusks have been interpreted as ecologically dwarfed and adapted to oxygen-starved conditions, an interpretation with implications for ocean anoxia. An alternative explanation for small phosphatic steinkerns is taphonomic. Stable carbonate fluorapatite selectively filled small voids, thus preserving small fossils, including larval/young mollusks. Reworking concentrated small phosphatic steinkerns from multiple generations while larger, unfilled calcareous shells were destroyed, resulting in small fossils progressively replacing larger fossils. With thin sections and insoluble residues, we document evidence that many of these steinkerns are incomplete (“teilsteinkerns”) recording small parts of larger, normal-sized animals, or juveniles, along with smaller species. This finding suggests that these fossil assemblages are taphonomically, not ecologically, size-limited. Based on the ecology of modern oxygen minimum zones in which shelled mollusks are rare, the presence of abundant shelled organisms actually argues against severe oxygen stress. Our results also imply that the process by which the “small shelly fossils” of the Cambrian were preserved continued into the Ordovician. For more information see IPFW News Release at: https://www.ipfw.edu/news/detail.html?id=ad423db6-fe2f-40d4-9f45-1c868807c78

In this article we consider the distribution of N points on the unit sphere $S^{d−1}$ in $R^d$ interacting via logarithmic potential. A characterization theorem of the stationary configurations is derived when $N = d + 2$ and two new log-optimal configurations minimizing the logarithmic energy are obtained for six points on $S^3$ and seven points on $S^4$. A conjecture on the log-optimal configurations of $d + 2$ points on $S^{d−1}$ is stated and three auxiliary results supporting the conjecture are presented

http://opus.ipfw.edu/threemt2016/1006/thumbnail.jp

http://opus.ipfw.edu/stu_symp2016/1043/thumbnail.jp

Throughout the Victorian period, publishing novels in multiple volumes was a common format for new fiction. Overwhelmingly, fiction appeared in one-, two-, or three-volume editions but nineteen novels were published in the relatively rarer four-volume edition. Publishers used the four-volume format over the century primarily for long historical novels and novels written by well-established authors, including a brief resurgence in the 1870s instigated by George Eliot’s novel Middlemarch (1872). The article examines the use of the format by authors and publishers and gives a list of the four-volume novels published during the Victorian period

Throughout the United States, technology is widely accessible and used in k-12 arts classrooms. As society advances through the 21st century, numerous researchers have found advantages and disadvantages of using technology in the classroom. As educators of the arts, it is critical to employ effective ways of transferring knowledge to students. One major goal is to enhance a society where people are participants and patrons in the arts. The purpose of this presentation is to present and discuss: (1) Current trends in the k-12 arts classroom that utilizes technology for formal and informal learning, (2) discuss advantages and disadvantages of the use of technology in arts classrooms, (3) transfer of knowledge to incorporate participation and appreciation of students, and (4) implications for further research

HLA-A is a class I major histocompatibility complex receptor that presents peptide antigens on the surface of most cells. Vitiligo, an autoimmune disease in which skin melanocytes are destroyed by cognate T cells, is associated with variation in the HLA-A gene; specifically HLA-A∗02:01, which presents multiple vitiligo melanocyte autoantigens. Refined genetic mapping localizes vitiligo risk in the HLA-A region to an SNP haplotype ∼20-kb downstream, spanning an ENCODE element with many characteristics of a transcriptional enhancer. Convergent CTCF insulator sites flanking the HLA-A gene promoter and the predicted transcriptional regulator, with apparent interaction between these sites, suggests this element regulates the HLA-A promoter. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy subjects homozygous for the high-risk haplotype expressed 39% more HLA-A RNA than cells from subjects carrying nonhigh-risk haplotypes (P = 0.0048). Similarly, RNAseq analysis of 1,000 Genomes Project data showed more HLA-A mRNA expressed in subjects homozygous for the high-risk allele of lead SNP rs60131261 than subjects homozygous for the low-risk allele (P = 0.006). Reporter plasmid transfection and genomic run-on sequence analyses confirm that the HLA-A transcriptional regulator contains multiple bidirectional promoters, with greatest activity on the high-risk haplotype, although it does not behave as a classic enhancer. Vitiligo risk associated with the MHC class I region thus derives from combined quantitative and qualitative phenomena: a SNP haplotype in a transcriptional regulator that induces gainof-function, elevating expression of HLA-A RNA in vivo, in strong linkage disequilibrium with an HLA-A allele that confers ∗02:01 specificity

We derive and investigate lower bounds for the potential energy of finite spherical point sets (spherical codes). Our bounds are optimal in the following sense – they cannot be improved by employing polynomials of the same or lower degrees in the Delsarte-Yudin method. However, improvements are sometimes possible and we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of such better bounds. All our bounds can be obtained in a unified manner that does not depend on the potential function, provided the potential is given by an absolutely monotone function of the inner product between pairs of points, and this is the reason for us to call them universal. We also establish a criterion for a given code of dimension n and cardinality N not to be LP-universally optimal, e.g. we show that two codes conjectured by Ballinger et al to be universally optimal are not LP-universally optimal

This paper discusses the potential value of using the social bookmarking site Pinterest in management courses. The general features and uses of Pinterest are described as well as how they can be applied in the management classroom. Pinterest offers a medium to facilitate student discovery and sharing of class relevant visual content. I discuss the use of Pinterest in my own training methods class with a class Pinterest board acting as a place for students to share class-relevant links to videos and online content based on assigned topics. I discuss other potential applications in management classes. I also discuss the logistics of implementation of a class Pinterest board and potential challenges of use

The 8th Annual History Undergraduate Conference was held on Saturday, February 6, 2016 in the the Steel Dynamics Keith E. Busse IPFW Alumni Center. Fifteen History (and Biology, English, Psychology, and Womenu27s Studies) majors presented their research on a wide variety of topics

http://opus.ipfw.edu/threemt2016/1005/thumbnail.jp

My name is Katie Sherrod. I am a history major with a political science minor. After graduating from IPFW, I plan to do some teaching and attend law school. History excites me because I enjoy learning about how certain issues affected our past, both nationally and globally, and how we can use the responses to those issues to learn and shape our responses to similar issues today. In my free time I enjoy reading and traveling

Andrew Hakes is a senior at IPFW, majoring in History and minoring in Political Science and Psychology. Andrew is also working towards his Honors Certificate. This semester he will be studying in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and while there he will be conducting research for his Honors Project on Che Guevara. In order to study abroad, Andrew received the Honors Program Study Abroad Scholarship and the Generation Study Abroad Scholarship. Andrew’s interests in history are revolutions and Latin America during the Cold War

http://opus.ipfw.edu/hist_images2016/1004/thumbnail.jp

My name is Katlynn Rushing and I am a senior here at IPFW, majoring in Legal Studies (Pre-Law) and minoring in History. On campus, I am involved in Ambassadons, Public Policy Student Association, and IPFW Cheerleading. Off campus I like to read, watch movies, and volunteer for Fort Wayneu27s Community Harvest Food Bank. After I graduate in May I plan on eventually going to law school and hope to practice either criminal or civil rights law

We clarify the respective roles fixed points, diagonalization, and self- reference play in proofs of Gödel’s first incompleteness theorem

The planar lipid bilayer technology is a technique that yields incredibly useful structural function information about a single channel protein. It is also currently actively utilized as a powerful platform using biological protein nanopores for the development of single-molecule nanopore sensing technology, as well as ultrafast DNA sequencing technology. The portal protein, GP10, from the bacteriophage f29 was the first phage portal protein shown to be successfully inserted into planar bilayer membranes, thereby it may inspire more researchers to apply the techniques to portal proteins from the other bacteriophages. However, the technology is far from perfect since the insertion of the channel proteins into planar bilayer membranes is not only technically difficult but also time-consuming. For the fusion of phage portal proteins, vesicles are typically needed to be reconstituted with the portal proteins to form proteoliposomes. However, most of the phage portal proteins have low solubility, and may self-aggregate during the preparation of the proteoliposomes. Furthermore, the fusion of the formed proteoliposomes is sporadic, unpredictable and varied from person to person. Due to the lack of experimental consistency between labs, the results from different methodologies reported for generating fusible proteoliposomes are highly variable. In this research, we propose a new method for the preparation of the fusible proteoliposomes containing portal proteins from bacteriophages, to circumvent the problems aforementioned. Compared to the conventional methods, this method was able to avoid the protein aggregation issues during the vesicle preparation by eliminating the need for detergents and the subsequent time-consuming step for detergent removal. The proteoliposomes prepared by the method were shown to be more efficiently and rapidly inserted into planar bilayer membranes bathed in different conducting buffer solutions including those with nonelectrolytes such as glycerol and PEG. In addition, the method of forming proteoliposoomes has significantly extended the shelf life of the proteoliposomes. To further explore its potentials, we have successfully applied the method to the insertion of a mutant portal protein, GP20, from T4 bacteriophage, a hydrophobic portal protein that has not been explored using the planar lipid bilayer membrane technique. The results suggest that this method could be used to prepare proteoliposomes formed by hydrophobic portal proteins from other bacteriophages